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One Frozen Simulator Is Not Enough: Simulator Collapse in Multi-Agent RL
One Frozen Simulator Is Not Enough: Simulator Collapse in Multi-Agent RL
Multi-agent reinforcement learning for human-AI interaction typically relies on a single large language model to simulate user behavior. We show that this approach systematically fails to generalize, and trace the failure to simulator collapse: because the simulator LLM is mode-collapsed, an LLM pol